C-FABP or E-FABP is a metastasis inducing gene over expressed in human prostate carcinomas///////////////
The fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are among the most abundant cytoplasmic constituents of
parenchymal cells . These small cytosolic proteins enhance the intracellular transport and
metabolism of fatty acids and may show an affinity for other ligands, such as retinoic acid, bile acids,
or prostaglandins. Different genes encode at least eight types of FABPs, which differ in their
specific binding properties and have each been named after the tissue of major occurrence.
NCBI Summary:
This gene encodes the fatty acid binding protein found in epidermal cells, and was first identified as being upregulated in psoriasis tissue. Fatty acid binding proteins are a family of small, highly conserved, cytoplasmic proteins that bind long-chain fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands. FABPs may play roles in fatty acid uptake, transport, and metabolism. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with type 2 diabetes. The human genome contains many pseudogenes similar to this locus.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
General function
Intracellular signaling cascade
Comment
Cellular localization
Cytoplasmic
Comment
cadidate123
Ovarian function
Follicle atresia, Ovulation, Steroid metabolism
Comment
Chandra P. Leo, et al 2001 used
DNA array to analyze changes in preovulatory gene expression in the rat
Ovary. They reported that
the
screening identified a group of candidate genes whose ovarian
expression and gonadotropin regulation was hitherto unknown. The
induction of three of these genes, encoding cutaneous fatty acid-binding
protein, the interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain, and prepronociceptin, was
confirmed and further characterized by Northern blot analysis. In addition,
in situ hybridization analysis showed that hCG administration resulted in
exclusive or predominant expression of all three genes in theca cells.
Expression regulated by
LH
Comment
Ovarian localization
Theca, Luteal cells, macrophage
Comment
MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Lipids and Gene Expression Reveals Differences in Fatty Acid Metabolism between Follicular Compartments in Porcine Ovaries. Uzbekova S et al. (2015) In mammals, oocytes develop inside the ovarian follicles; this process is strongly supported by the surrounding follicular environment consisting of cumulus, granulosa and theca cells, and follicular fluid. In the antral follicle, the final stages of oogenesis require large amounts of energy that is produced by follicular cells from substrates including glucose, amino acids and fatty acids (FAs). Since lipid metabolism plays an important role in acquiring oocyte developmental competence, the aim of this study was to investigate site-specificity of lipid metabolism in ovaries by comparing lipid profiles and expression of FA metabolism-related genes in different ovarian compartments. Using MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging, images of porcine ovary sections were reconstructed from lipid ion signals for the first time. Cluster analysis of ion spectra revealed differences in spatial distribution of lipid species among ovarian compartments, notably between the follicles and interstitial tissue. Inside the follicles analysis differentiated follicular fluid, granulosa, theca and the oocyte-cumulus complex. Moreover, by transcript quantification using real time PCR, we showed that expression of five key genes (including FABP5) in FA metabolism significantly varied between somatic follicular cells (theca, granulosa and cumulus) and the oocyte. In conclusion, lipid metabolism differs between ovarian and follicular compartments.//////////////////
Localization of epidermal-type fatty acid binding protein in macrophages in advanced atretic follicles of adult mice Nourani MR,et al .
The localization of epidermal-type fatty acid binding protein (E-FABP) in the mature mouse ovary was examined by immuno-light and electron microscopy. Numerous macrophages immunopositive for both anti-E-FABP and F4/80 antibodies, together with immunonegative cells, were found in advanced atretic follicles that had eccentric lumens containing deformed ova. While some E-FABP-immunopositive macrophages were spider in shape and appeared singly, others, especially close to the lumen, were round and voluminous and tended to be aggregated. The voluminous macrophages contained phagosomes of various sizes and they were regarded as those actively involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic granulosa cells. E-FABP-immunopositive macrophages and their processes were often apposed to adjacent immunonegative cells, and some of them lined the lumen containing deformed ova. On the other hand, E-FABP-immunonegative cells in the atretic follicles were classified into two types: the one, a minority, was characterized by small mitochondria containing non-tubular cristae and presumably represented residual granulosa cells, while the other dominant type was characterized by large mitochondria containing tubular cristae and presumably represented theca cells originally surrounding the follicles to be atretic. The present detection of E-FABP-immunopositivity selectively in macrophages of the atretic follicles suggests possible involvement of E-FABP and/or its ligand fatty acids in the process of follicular atresia, and it makes more reliable the identification of the advanced atretic follicles with the antral spaces obliterated, which could provide further details on the histology of the follicular atresia than before.
Follicle stages
Preovulatory, Corpus luteum
Comment
Phenotypes
PCO (polycystic ovarian syndrome)
Mutations
1 mutations
Species: human
Mutation name: type: naturally occurring fertility: subfertile Comment: Prenatal androgen exposure and transgenerational susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome. Risal S et al. (2019) How obesity and elevated androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affect their offspring is unclear. In a Swedish nationwide register-based cohort and a clinical case-control study from Chile, we found that daughters of mothers with PCOS were more likely to be diagnosed with PCOS. Furthermore, female mice (F0) with PCOS-like traits induced by late-gestation injection of dihydrotestosterone, with and without obesity, produced female F1-F3 offspring with PCOS-like reproductive and metabolic phenotypes. Sequencing of single metaphase II oocytes from F1-F3 offspring revealed common and unique altered gene expression across all generations. Notably, four genes were also differentially expressed in serum samples from daughters in the case-control study and unrelated women with PCOS. Our findings provide evidence of transgenerational effects in female offspring of mothers with PCOS and identify possible candidate genes for the prediction of a PCOS phenotype in future generations.the expression of TIAL1 was significantly upregulated in the serum of women with PCOS (unrelated and daughters), in the adipose tissue of women with PCOS28 and in the MII oocytes of the androgenized lineage. Fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) expression was also upregulated, //////////////////