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Pctaire Protein Kinase 1 OKDB#: 1324
 Symbols: PCTK1 Species: human
 Synonyms: PCTAIRE1|  Locus: Xp11.3-p11.23 in Homo sapiens


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General Comment One of the key components regulating the initiation and passage through mitosis is the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, p34(cdc2/CDC28). There exists an extended gene family encoding a large number of different cdc2-related serine/threonine-specific protein kinases. The PCTAIRE protein kinases comprise a distinct subfamily of these kinases and are so named for the presence of a cysteine-for-serine substitution in the conserved PSTAIRE amino acid motif found in prototypic cdc2 kinases. Three members of this kinase subfamily, PCTAIRE 1-3, were identified in humans.

NCBI Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the cdc2/cdkx subfamily of the ser/thr family of protein kinases. It may play a role in signal transduction cascades in terminally differentiated cells. This gene is thought to escape X inactivation. There are three alternatively spliced transcript variants described for this gene.
General function Cell cycle regulation
Comment
Cellular localization Cytoplasmic
Comment
Ovarian function Follicle development, Oogenesis
Comment
Expression regulated by
Comment
Ovarian localization
Comment Yang et al isolated a novel member of putative Cdc2-related serine/threonine protein kinases from a Hela cell cDNA library. The cDNA encodes a protein of 469 amino acids, sharing 95% identities with the mouse PFTAIRE1 throughout the entire protein sequence. The hPFTAIRE1 was highly expressed in brain, pancreas, kidney, heart, testis and ovary. The protein was fused to the C-terminus of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) and ectopically expressed in Hela cells. The florescence microscope results indicated that the hPFTAIRE1 exhibits cytoplasmic distribution.
Follicle stages
Comment Rhee K, et al 1995 reported that Cdk family genes are expressed not only in dividing but also in terminally differentiated mouse germ cells, suggesting their possible function during both cell division and differentiation. The roles of the cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) family in murine germ cell development have been examined by studying the expression of five Cdk family genes (Cdc2, Cdk2, Cdk4, Pctaire-1, and Pctaire-3) in mouse reproductive organs. Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses revealed distinctive expression patterns of these genes with striking cellular, lineage, and developmental stage specificity. Cdc2 and Cdk2 were expressed in premeiotic spermatocytes in the testis, and Cdc2, Cdk2, and Cdk4 expressed in granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. With regard to Pctaire-1 and Pctaire-3, the highest levels of expression were observed in postmeiotic spermatids. Immunoblot analysis also revealed the presence of high levels of Pctaire-1 in postmeiotic germ cells. These results suggest that Cdk family kinases may exhibit various functions in germinal and somatic cells during gametogenesis, not only in the cell cycle but also in other regulatory processes, including differentiation.
Phenotypes
Mutations 0 mutations
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Links
OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man: an excellent source of general gene description and genetic information.)
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created: Oct. 2, 2001, 3:13 p.m. by: hsueh   email:
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last update: Oct. 2, 2001, 3:13 p.m. by: system    email:



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