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General Comment |
Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2; see OMIM 176803) and other prostanoids are synthesized by the constitutive cyclooxygenase
COX1 (PTGS1; OMIM 176805) and its inducible isoform, COX2 (PTGS2; OMIM 600262). PGD2, which is implicated in allergic
disease, elicits its biologic function through interaction with the DP receptor (PTGDR; OMIM 604687). Hirai et al. (2001)
showed that PGD2 produced by activated mast cells uses GPR44 or CRTH2 to induce intracellular calcium mobilization and
chemotaxis in Th2 cells in a G-alpha(i) (GNAI1; 139310)-dependent manner. In addition, they found that CRTH2
rather than DP mediates PGD2-dependent migration of blood eosinophils and basophils. Functional analysis indicated
that PGD2 signaling through DP is coupled to G-alpha(s) (GNAS; OMIM 139320) and does not induce chemotaxis.
NCBI Summary:
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as GPR44, are integral membrane proteins containing 7 putative transmembrane domains (TMs). These proteins mediate signals to the interior of the cell via activation of heterotrimeric G proteins that in turn activate various effector proteins, ultimately resulting in a physiologic response.[supplied by OMIM]
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