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General Comment |
OVO-like 1 regulates progenitor cell fate in human trophoblast development. [Renaud SJ et al. (2016)$26504231] Epithelial barrier integrity is dependent on progenitor cells that either divide to replenish themselves or differentiate into a specialized epithelium. This paradigm exists in human placenta, where cytotrophoblast cells either propagate or undergo a unique differentiation program: fusion into an overlying syncytiotrophoblast. Syncytiotrophoblast is the primary barrier regulating the exchange of nutrients and gases between maternal and fetal blood and is the principal site for synthesizing hormones vital for human pregnancy. How trophoblast cells regulate their differentiation into a syncytium is not well understood. In this study, we show that the transcription factor OVO-like 1 (OVOL1), a homolog of Drosophila ovo, regulates the transition from progenitor to differentiated trophoblast cells. OVOL1 is expressed in human placenta and was robustly induced following stimulation of trophoblast differentiation. Disruption of OVOL1 abrogated cytotrophoblast fusion and inhibited the expression of a broad set of genes required for trophoblast cell fusion and hormonogenesis. OVOL1 was required to suppress genes that maintain cytotrophoblast cells in a progenitor state, including MYC, ID1, TP63, and ASCL2, and bound specifically to regions upstream of each of these genes. Our results reveal an important function of OVOL1 as a regulator of trophoblast progenitor cell fate during human trophoblast development. //////////////////
/A critical role in Drosophila oogenesis and germline sex differentiation is played by ovo, a female germline-specific nuclear protein.
Chidambaram et al. (1997) noted that homozygous ovo mutants result in female germ cell degeneration and revertants of dominant
ovo mutations can result in shaven baby (svb) and lozenge-like (lzl) phenotypes that affect cuticle (epidermal/locomotor) and eye
(sensory) development, respectively, suggesting a tight structural link between ovo and svb. Human OVOL1, which contains an
open reading frame with zinc finger domains, is similar to Drosophila ovo and is conserved in C. elegans as well.
NCBI Summary:
This gene encodes a putative zinc finger containing transcription factor that is highly similar to homologous protein in Drosophila and mouse. Based on known functions in these species, this protein is likely involved in hair formation and spermatogenesis in human as well. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
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Comment |
Mandon-Pepin B, et al 2003 reported the expression Profiles and Chromosomal Localization of Genes Controlling
Meiosis and Follicular Development in the Sheep Ovary.
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In female sheep fetuses, two of the most crucial stages of ovarian
development are prophase of meiosis I and follicle formation. In the
present study, sheep ovaries collected on Days 25, 38, 49, 56, 67, 75,
94, and 120 of gestation, at birth, and in adulthood were tested by
reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the
expression of 14 genes known to be involved in the ovarian
differentiation in diverse organisms. The aim of this study was to
determine 1) the expression pattern of six genes involved in germ cell
development or meiosis (DMC1, SPO11, MSH4, MSH5, DAZL, and Boule) and
five ovary-derived factors (OVOL1, SIAH2, DIAPH2, FOXL2, and FGF9), 2)
the onset of gene expression for several members of the bone
morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway involved in follicular development
(GDF9, BMP15, BMPR-IB), and 3) the chromosomal localization of seven of
these genes in the sheep genome. The RT-PCR analysis revealed that the
two germline-specific genes, DAZL and Boule, were expressed between 49
and 94 days postcoitum (dpc) with a similar pattern to typical meiosis
genes (DMC1, MSH4, and MSH5), suggesting their possible participation in
prophase of meiosis I. GDF9 and OVOL1 gene transcription started at 56
dpc and extended until birth, while BMP15 presented a more restricted
window of expression between 94 dpc and birth, corresponding to the
formation of first growing follicles. The homologous ovine genes for
SPO11, DMC1, MSH5, DAZL, FGF9, DIAPH2, and SIAH2 were located on OAR
13q21-22, 3q35, 20q22, 19q13, 10q15, Xq44, and 1q41-42, respectively. In
sheep, quantitative trait loci affecting female reproductive capacities
are currently being detected. The ontology and precise mapping of
ovarian genes will be useful to identify potential candidate genes that
might underlie these effects.
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