NCBI Summary:
This gene encodes a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family which is part of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. The superfamily includes large families of growth and differentiation factors. Bone morphogenetic proteins were originally identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site. These proteins are synthesized as prepropeptides, cleaved, and then processed into dimeric proteins. This protein may act as an important signaling molecule within the trabecular meshwork and optic nerve head, and may play a potential role in glaucoma pathogenesis. This gene is differentially regulated during the formation of various tumors.
General function
Ligand
Comment
Cellular localization
Secreted
Comment
Ovarian function
Steroid metabolism
Comment
Expression regulated by
Comment
Ovarian localization
Granulosa
Comment
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 5 Expression in the Rat Ovary: Biological Effects on Granulosa Cell Proliferation and Steroidogenesis Pierre A, et al .
Recently, the role of several elements of the Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family has been studied in the ovary, some of them being crucial for ovarian function. In the present work, we have studied Bone Morphogenetic Protein 5 (BMP5) expression and its biological role in the rat ovary. BMP5 is expressed by rat granulosa cells (GCs) and exerts specific biological effects on proliferation and steroidogenesis of these cells in an autocrine manner. These effects were shown to be associated with an increase in Cyclin D2 protein level and a decrease in Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein (STAR) protein expression in GCs in vitro. Ultimately, BMP5 actions were inhibited by Follistatin. Overall, these data show that BMP5 is a novel element of the BMP family that might play a fully paracrine role in rodent ovarian folliculogenesis.