NCBI Summary:
This gene is a member of the the NOD-like receptor protein (NLRP) gene family and encodes a protein with an N-terminal pyrin death (PYD) domain and nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (NACHT) domain and a C-terminal leucine-rich repeats (LRR) region. This gene has been shown to regulate caspases in the proinflammatory signal transduction pathway and, based on studies of other members of the NLRP gene family with similar domain structure, is predicted to form part of the multiprotein inflammasome complex. Alternative splicing produces multiple transcript variants encoding distince isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017]
General function
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Cellular localization
Cytoplasmic
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Ovarian function
Early embryo development
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Expression regulated by
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Ovarian localization
Oocyte
Comment
Identification of oocyte-selective NLRP genes in rhesus macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta). McDaniel P et al. Oocyte-selective genes control multiple aspects of female gamete development and preimplantation embryogenesis. Several key oocyte-selective factors have been identified in mice recently; however, these factors are not well documented in more advanced species such as nonhuman primates. One of such oocyte-selective factors is NLRP5 (NLR family, Pyrin domain containing 5), also known as Maternal Antigen That Embryos Require (MATER), which is required for preimplantation embryo development beyond the 2-cell stage in mice. Human NLRP family contains 14 members. We identified 14 NLRP gene homologues and examined their spatial and temporal expression in rhesus macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta). While all 14 NLRP genes are detectable in the macaque gonad, eight of them (NLRP2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 14) are specifically or preferentially expressed in the ovary. In situ hybridization elucidated a specific oocyte expression pattern of the eight NLRP genes within the ovary. During the oocyte-to-embryo transition, seven of these oocyte-selective NLRP transcripts (excluding NLPR2) are enriched in maturing oocytes and early preimplantation embryos but diminish upon embryo genome activation, indicating an exclusive maternal origin of these transcripts. Though functionally unknown, the spatial and temporal distribution of these oocyte-selective NLRP genes implies important roles of the NLRP family in oogenesis and early embryo development in nonhuman primates. Mol. Reprod. Dev. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Follicle stages
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Phenotypes
Mutations
1 mutations
Species: human
Mutation name: type: naturally occurring fertility: subfertile Comment: Meta-analyses identify 13 loci associated with age at menopause and highlight DNA repair and immune pathways. Stolk L et al. To newly identify loci for age at natural menopause, we carried out a meta-analysis of 22 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in 38,968 women of European descent, with replication in up to 14,435 women. In addition to four known loci, we identified 13 loci newly associated with age at natural menopause (at P < 5 10(-8)). Candidate genes located at these newly associated loci include genes implicated in DNA repair (EXO1, HELQ, UIMC1, FAM175A, FANCI, TLK1, POLG and PRIM1) and immune function (IL11, NLRP11 and PRRC2A (also known as BAT2)). Gene-set enrichment pathway analyses using the full GWAS data set identified exoDNase, NF-?B signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction as biological processes related to timing of menopause.