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General Comment |
NCBI Summary:
This gene encodes a secreted, glycosylated cytokine composed of four alpha helical bundles. The encoded protein is mainly synthesized in the kidney, secreted into the blood plasma, and binds to the erythropoietin receptor to promote red blood cell production, or erythropoiesis, in the bone marrow. Expression of this gene is upregulated under hypoxic conditions, in turn leading to increased erythropoiesis and enhanced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Expression of this gene has also been observed in brain and in the eye, and elevated expression levels have been observed in diabetic retinopathy and ocular hypertension. Recombinant forms of the encoded protein exhibit neuroprotective activity against a variety of potential brain injuries, as well as antiapoptotic functions in several tissue types, and have been used in the treatment of anemia and to enhance the efficacy of cancer therapies. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
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Comment |
Effect of the hematopoietic growth factors erythropoietin and kit ligand on bovine oocyte in vitro maturation and developmental competence. Conde P et al. (2018) The overall aim of this work was to study the influence of the hematopoietic growth factors erythropoietin (EPO) and kit ligand (KITL) during bovine oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM). The effect of adding different concentrations of EPO or KITL to maturation medium was evaluated analyzing oocyte nuclear maturation, cumulus cells apoptosis, embryo cleavage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in matured oocytes and cleaved embryos and the developmental competence to the blastocyst stage. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of oocytes that completed nuclear maturation among treatments, but the percentages of cleaved embryos and blastocysts obtained increased. With the addition of both hematopoietic growth factors the percentage of cumulus cells undergoing apoptosis decreased, the number of blastomeres per cleaved embryo was larger and ROS production per cleaved embryo increased. In conclusion, although the addition of EPO and KITL hematopoietic growth factors during bovine oocyte IVM had no impact on nuclear maturation, it had a positive effect on oocyte cytoplasmic maturation and developmental competence.//////////////////
Protective effects of erythropoietin on ischemia/reperfusion injury of rat ovary. Karaca M et al. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) as an antioxidant and tissue protective agent and study the biochemical and histopathological changes in experimental ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat ovaries. STUDY DESIGN: 36 Adult female rats were used. The experimental groups were designed as Group 1: sham operation; Group 2: bilateral ovarian ischemia; and Group 3: 3h period of ischemia followed by 3h reperfusion. Group 4 rats were administered a 5000IU dose of EPO, before 0.5h of ischemia, and then bilateral ovarian ischemia was applied. After a 3h period of ischemia, the bilateral ovaries were removed. In Group 5, a 3h period of bilateral ovarian ischemia was applied. 2.5h after the induction of ischemia, the rats were administered the same dose of EPO. At the end of a 3h period of ischemia, 3h reperfusion was continued after the ovaries were removed. Group 6 underwent a sham operation after administration of 5000IU/kg of EPO. After the experiments, superoxide dismutase (SOD), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were determined, and histopathological changes were examined in all rat ovarian tissue. RESULTS: Ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion increased the iNOS and MPO activity while decreasing the SOD activity significantly in comparison to the sham group. The 5000IU/kg of EPO before ischemia and I/R reversed the trend in iNOS and MPO activities. The levels of SOD were decreased by the ischemia and I/R. The administration of EPO before ischemia and I/R treatments also reversed the trend in the SOD levels. In the ischemia/reperfusion plus EPO groups, though we observed minimal vascular dilation in the ovary stroma and some degenerative cell clusters, most of cellular structures did not show any pathological changes. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of EPO is effective in reversing tissue damage induced by ischemia and/or ischemia/reperfusion in ovaries.
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