NCBI Summary:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), such as miRNA9, are small noncoding RNAs that control translation of target mRNAs by binding to sites of antisense complementarity in 3-prime UTRs (Lagos-Quintana et al., 2002 [PubMed 12007417]). In humans, 3 genes encode miRNA9: MIRN9-1, MIRN9-2 (MIM 611187), and MIRN9-3 (MIM 611188).[supplied by OMIM]
General function
Cell proliferation, RNA processing
Comment
Altered microRNA and gene expression in the follicular fluid of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Roth LW 2014 et al.
PURPOSE
To determine if microRNAs are differentially expressed in the follicular fluid of women with PCOS compared to fertile oocyte donors and identify associated altered gene expression.
METHODS
Women undergoing IVF who met Rotterdam criteria for PCOS or who were fertile oocyte donors were recruited from a private IVF center. Individual follicle fluid was collected at the time of oocyte retrieval. MicroRNA analysis was performed using microarray and validated using real-time PCR on additional samples. Potential gene targets were identified and their expression analyzed by real time PCR.
RESULTS
Microarray profiling of human follicular fluid revealed expression of 235 miRNAs, 29 were differentially expressed between the groups. Using PCR validation, 5 miRNAs (32, 34c, 135a, 18b, and 9) showed significantly increased expression in the PCOS group. Pathway analysis revealed genes involved in insulin regulation and inflammation. Three potential target genes were found to have significantly decreased expression in the PCOS group (interleukin 8, synaptogamin 1, and insulin receptor substrate 2).
CONCLUSIONS
MicroRNAs are differentially expressed in the follicular fluid of women with PCOS when compared to fertile oocyte donors. There is also altered expression of potential target genes associated with the PCOS phenotype.
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Cellular localization
Cytoplasmic
Comment
Ovarian function
Comment
Expression regulated by
Comment
Ovarian localization
Ovarian tumor
Comment
MicroRNA-9 inhibits ovarian cancer cell growth through regulation of NF-kappaB1. Guo LM et al. MicroRNAs are emerging as important regulators of cancer-related processes. Our studies show that microRNA-9 (miR-9) is downregulated in human ovarian cancer relative to normal ovary, and overexpression of miR-9 suppresses cell growth in vitro. Furthermore, the 3'-UTR of NF-kappaB1 mRNA is found to be regulated directly by miR-9, demonstrating that NF-kappaB1 is a functionally important target of miR-9 in ovarian cancer cells. When miR-9 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells, the mRNA and protein levels of NF-kappaB1 are both suppressed, whereas inhibition of miR-9 results in an increase in the NF-kappaB1 expression level. Ovarian cancer tissues display significantly low expression of miR-9 and a high level of NF-kappaB1 compared with normal tissues, indicating that regulation of NF-kappaB1 by miR-9 is an important mechanism for miR-9 to inhibit ovarian cancer proliferation.