The protein encoded by this intronless gene belongs to the CITED family of transcriptional coactivators that bind to several proteins, including CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300, via a conserved 32 aa C-terminal motif, and regulate gene transcription. This protein also interacts with transcription factor AP2 (TFAP2), and thus may function as a co-activator for TFAP2. Hypermethylation and transcriptional downregulation of this gene has been observed in oligodendroglial tumors with deletions of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q, and associated with longer recurrence-free and overall survival of patients with oligodendroglial tumors. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
NCBI Summary:
The protein encoded by this intronless gene belongs to the CITED family of transcriptional coactivators that bind to several proteins, including CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300, via a conserved 32 aa C-terminal motif, and regulate gene transcription. This protein also interacts with transcription factor AP2 (TFAP2), and thus may function as a co-activator for TFAP2. Hypermethylation and transcriptional downregulation of this gene has been observed in oligodendroglial tumors with deletions of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q, and associated with longer recurrence-free and overall survival of patients with oligodendroglial tumors. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
General function
DNA binding, Transcription factor
, Epigenetic modifications
Comment
Cellular localization
Nuclear
Comment
Ovarian function
Follicle atresia, Ovulation, Steroid metabolism
Comment
CITED4 mediates proliferation, apoptosis and steroidogenesis of Hu sheep granulosa cells in vitro. Yao X et al. (2020) Being a novel target of luteinizing hormone (LH), the effect of CREB-binding protein/P300-interacting trans-activator with ED-rich tail member 4 (CITED4) gene on the proliferation, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) in Hu sheep was investigated. The presence of CITED4, CREB-binding protein (CBP), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and -beta (C/EBPβ) proteins was demonstrated in GCs and luteal cells. CITED4 protein in GCs was induced by LH, and CITED4 overexpression moderately increased GC responses to LH. In contrast, CITED4 knockdown in GCs decreased prostaglandin (PGE2)-induced LH target genes levels. Moreover, PGE2-stimulated CITED4 mRNA expression was blocked by ERK1/2 inhibition (U0126), suggesting that CITED4 is a downstream target of the ERK1/2 pathway in sheep GCs. In contrast to CITED4 knockdown, CITED4 overexpression promoted GC proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, upregulated cell cycle-related genes, and downregulated apoptosis-related genes. Additionally, CITED4 overexpression induced cell cycle transition from S to G2/M phase. No effect was observed with CITED4 knockdown. CITED4 overexpression increased progesterone (P4) production levels and StAR mRNA expression, whereas CITED4 knockdown decreased P4 production and StAR and 3β-HSD mRNA expression levels. Thus, our results suggest that CITED4 is involved in regulating the expression of LH-induced genes and the ERK1/2 pathway and the proliferation, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis in Hu sheep GCs by modulating the expression of related genes. These findings will help understand the role of CITED4 in follicular development and ovulation of pre-ovulatory follicles.//////////////////
Expression regulated by
LH
Comment
CBP-CITED4 is Required for Luteinizing Hormone-triggered Target Gene Expression during Ovulation. Zhang YL 2014 et al.
Pituitary-secreted luteinizing hormone (LH) induces ovulation by activating an extracelluar regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) cascade. However, little is known regarding the ERK1/2 downstream effectors that are involved in regulating rapid, transient expression of LH-target gene in ovulatory follicles. By comparing the gene expression profiles of LH-stimulated wild type with ERK1/2-deleted ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), we identified Cited4 as a previously unknown LH target gene during ovulation. LH induced Cited4 expression in preovulatory follicles in an ERK1/2-dependent manner. CITED4 formed an endogenous protein complex withtable and docked on the promoters of LH and ERK1/2 target genes. Both CITED4 expression and CBP acetyltransferase activity leading to histone acetylation were indispensable for LH-induced ovulation-related events. LH induced dynamic histone acetylation changes in preovulatory GCs, including the acetylation of histone H2B (Lys5) and H3 (Lys9).This was essential for the rapid responses and dramatic increases of LH target gene expressions by the ordered activation of ERK1/2 and CITED4-CBP. In addition, histone deacetylases (HDACs) antagonized CITED4-CBP to turn off expression of these genes after exposure to LH. Thus, we determined that CITED4 was a novel LH and ERK1/2 target for triggering ovulation. These results support the proposition that LH induces rapid, significant gene expression in preovulatory follicles by modulating histone acetylation status.
/////////////////////////