The high affinity receptor for interleukin-5 (IL5R) and the receptor for granulocyte-macrophage CSF (CSF2R) share a beta chain. The finding provides a molecular basis for the observation that IL5 and CSF2 can partially interfere with each other's binding and have highly overlapping biologic activities on eosinophils.
NCBI Summary:
The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha subunit of the heterodimeric receptor for colony stimulating factor 2, a cytokine which controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes and macrophages. The encoded protein is a member of the cytokine family of receptors. This gene is found in the pseudoautosomal region (PAR) of the X and Y chromosomes. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene, with some of the isoforms being membrane-bound and others being soluble. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
General function
Receptor
Comment
Cellular localization
Plasma membrane
Comment
Ovarian function
Ovulation, Steroid metabolism, Luteinization
Comment
Tamura K, et al. reported that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances interleukin-1beta stimulated histamine
release in the preovulatory rat ovary. Histamine release from preovulatory ovarian tissues was stimulated
in a dose-dependent manner at 3-30 ng/ml of GM-CSF in the presence of interleukin-1beta (10 ng/ml).
However, treatment with GM-CSF and interleukin-1beta did not cause any significant change in the
levels of ovarian steroids. These
results indicate that GM-CSF may be involved in the regulation of ovarian histamine secretion in mast
cells partially by enhancing interleukin-1beta-induced histamine release in the process of ovulation.
Expression regulated by
Comment
Ovarian localization
Cumulus, Granulosa, Luteal cells, Small luteal cells, Large luteal cells
Comment
Tissue localization of GM-CSF receptor in bovine ovarian follicles and its role on glucose uptake by mural granulosa cells. Peralta OA et al. (2016) The granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a multifunctional cytokine implicated in proliferation, differentiation, and activation of several cell types including those involved in hematopoiesis and reproduction. In the present study, the expression of the α- and β-subunit genes of GM-CSF receptor during follicular development in cattle was assessed. The spatial association of α- and β-subunits of GM-CSF with follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), and the temporal associations with gene expression of hexose transporters (GLUTs) in granulosa cells of cattle were also evaluated. The effect of GM-CSF on the functionality of hexose transporters was also determined in an in vitro primary culture of granulosa cells. The spatial association of subunits of the GM-CSF receptor with 3β-HSD and FSHR suggests a potential steroidogenic regulation of GM-CSF in granulosa cells. Immunodetection of GLUTs and uptake kinetic assays confirmed expression and functionality of these genes for hexose transporters in granulosa cells of cattle. Treatment of granulosa cells with GM-CSF, FSH or insulin- like growth factor-I (IGF-I) alone increased 2-deoxyglucose (DOG) or 3-0-methylglucose (OMG) uptake; however, when cells were treated with various combination of these factors there were no additive effect. Unexpectedly, the combination of GM-CSF and FSH decreased DOG uptake compared to FSH treatment alone. Thus, the expression pattern of GM-CSF receptor subunit genes during follicle development in cattle and promotion of DOG and OMG uptake in granulosa cells indicate a role for GM-CSF, FSH and/or IGF-I alone in regulating granulosa cell metabolic activity, specifically by promoting glucose uptake.//////////////////
Tamura K, et al. 1998 reported that ovarian immune cells express granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) during
follicular growth and luteinization in gonadotropin-primed immature rodents. Messenger RNAs for GM-CSF receptor subunits were expressed in mast
cells of the medulla and in luteal tissues in rat ovary.
Expression and selective cellular localization of
granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
and GM-CSF alpha and beta receptor messenger ribonucleic acid
and protein in human ovarian tissue.
Jasper MJ et al reported that transcripts for GM-CSF, and both the alpha and beta subunits of the GM-CSF receptor, were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in granulosa-lutein cell culture preparations
and corpora lutea collected during the early, mid- and late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
Zhao Y et al used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in situ hybridization, and
immunohistochemical observations to reveal that human ovarian tissue expressed
granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as well as GM-CSF alpha and beta
receptor (R) mRNA and protein.
In the luteal tissue, both the small and large luteal cells of early luteal (Days 14-19) and midluteal (Days
20-25) phase expressed GM-CSF mRNA and protein as well as GM-CSF alpha R and beta R proteins,
and their immunostaining intensity was similar to that seen with theca cells.
Expression of mRNA and protein of macrophage colony-stimulating factor and its receptor in human follicular luteinized granulosa cells Salmassi A, et al .
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the concentration of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in serum and follicular fluid (FF) at the time of oocyte retrieval and to detect expression of M-CSF and its receptor by luteinized granulosa cells (GCs). DESIGN: Collection of serum and FF at the time of oocyte retrieval. SETTING: A university IVF- intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) program. PATIENT(S): Serum and FF were obtained from 85 women undergoing oocyte retrieval. INTERVENTION(S): Serum and FF were obtained from 85 women. The GCs were pooled from 15 (3 x 5) patients (3-14 oocytes each). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The M-CSF concentration was determined by ELISA, the expression of M-CSF and its receptor by the immunocytochemical technique and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. In addition, M-CSF expression was investigated by cell culture time course studies. RESULTS: The median M-CSF concentration in FF (2,409.2 pg/mL) was significantly higher than that in serum (242.5 pg/mL). The M-CSF and its receptor were expressed by GCs. CONCLUSION(S): The significantly higher level of M-CSF in FF than in serum and the expression of M-CSF and its receptor in FF by GCs suggest an important role for this growth factor in ovarian function.
Follicle stages
Secondary, Antral, Preovulatory, Corpus luteum
Comment
Gilchrist RB, et al 2000 reported the effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
deficiency on ovarian follicular cell function.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a cytokine secreted
by lymphohaemopoietic and other cell lineages, is known to influence ovarian
cyclicity and embryo development. Immature GM -/- and GM +/+ mice were stimulated with eCG, and
cumulus-oocyte complexes and mural granulosa cells were collected 48 h later.
Expression of GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSFR) alpha and beta mRNA subunits by
cumulus-oocyte complexes and mural granulosa cells was examined using RT-PCR.
Cumulus-oocyte complexes from both genotypes were found to express mRNA for
the GM-CSFR alpha -subunit only, while the mural granulosa cells expressed
both the alpha and beta receptor subunits. Cumulus-oocyte complexes recovered
from GM -/- mice had approximately twice the number of cumulus cells per
cumulus-oocyte complex than did those of GM +/+ mice (P < 0.05), even though
the growth-promoting activity of denuded GM -/- oocytes was found to be
equivalent to that of wild-type oocytes. GM-CSF deficiency was associated with
marginally increased DNA synthesis in cumulus cells and significantly (P <
0.05) lower progesterone production by mural granulosa cells recovered from GM
-/- compared with those recovered from GM +/+ mice. The addition of
rec-mGM-CSF in vitro did not affect DNA synthesis in either cell type or
progesterone production by mural granulosa cells, irrespective of GM-CSF
status. There was no effect of GM-CSF deficiency on the capacity of FSH and
insulin-like growth factor I to stimulate DNA synthesis in cumulus-oocyte
complexes (approximately 15- and threefold, respectively) and in mural
granulosa cells (approximately two- and threefold, respectively). Taken
together, these data show that GM-CSF influences events associated with
follicular maturation in mice. The effects of GM-CSF are not exerted directly
in granulosa or cumulus cells, but appear to be mediated indirectly, perhaps
through the agency of steroidogenesis-regulating secretions of local
macrophage populations residing in the theca